NATO and EU defence policy

European defence post-Kosovo

European defence post-Kosovo

04 June 1999
European Union has long talked about building a defence capability, but done very little about it. In the first week of June 1999, however, two events gave a boost to the EU’s military aspirations. At the Cologne summit EU leaders agreed on a scheme that would enable the EU to...
The EU needs defence convergence criteria

The EU needs defence convergence criteria

François Heisbourg
01 June 1999
The countries of the European Union spend on defence around 60 per cent of the US defence budget (approximately $145bn versus $265bn). But Europe does not have anything close to half of US capabilities when it comes to strategic lift, strategic intelligence or command and control.
The end of EADC

The end of EADC

Charles Grant, Alexandra Ashbourne
01 February 1999
A little over a year ago the political leaders of Britain, France and Germany launched their plan for a European Aerospace and Defence Company (EADC).
Bulletin issue 4

Issue 4 - 1999

Charles Grant, Kitty Ussher, Ben Hall, Alexandra Ashbourne, Kitty Ussher
29 January 1999
Reshaping Europe's defence

Reshaping Europe's defence

01 December 1998
All across Europe, politicians and diplomats are scratching their heads and asking the same question: when was the last time that Britain came up with such a constructive initiative on the future of the European Union?
Bulletin issue 3

Issue 3 - 1998

Charles Grant, Rodric Braithwaite, Ben Hall, Kitty Ussher
27 November 1998
Bulletin issue 9

Issue 9 - 1999

Charles Grant, Tim Garden, John Roper, Charles Leadbeater
27 November 1998
Integration or isolation? Restructuring Europe's defence industry

Integration or isolation? Restructuring Europe's defence industry

Alex Ashbourne
01 July 1998
As the states of the European Union draw closer together, their inability to unite and restructure their defence industries is becoming ever more anachronistic. Britain, France and Germany currently have separate defence industries. In a united Europe, such duplication is neither necessary nor economically viable.
Opening the door

Opening the door: The enlargement of NATO and the European Union

William Wallace
06 September 1996
Britain and its European allies are now committed to a radical redrawing of their continent's political and economic map.
Strength in numbers

Strength in numbers: Europe's foreign and defence policy

06 September 1996
The countries of the European Union need to speak with a common voice on foreign policy. They share similar fundamental interests, which are sometimes distinct from those of the Americans.
US missile defence: Strategically sound, politically questionable

US missile defence: Strategically sound, politically questionable

Bruno Tertrais
In Europe, both governments and the broad spread of public opinion have been largely sceptical about, or opposed to, missile defence. Arguments between the Europeans and the Bush administration over missile defence – combined with tensions over the European Security and Defence Policy, and American participation in Balkan peacekeeping operations...